When India fell agonisingly short of a world title twice in three years - the ODI World Cup 2017 and the T20 World Cup in 2020 - the failure to cross the line was attributed to an inability to handle pressure. Specifically, the kind that comes with a trophy on the line.
The Women's Premier League (WPL) came in to help the players do better in that regard. It is three seasons old, and the fourth is just months away, yet India's old habits of stumbling with victory in sight have continued.
Mumbai 2023. Perth 2024. Even Delhi 2025 though they were up against a target of 412. And most gallingly, Indore 2025.
This is the list of ODI chases that India, in the Amol Muzumdar-Harmanpreet Kaur regime, were in full control of and then let go. Their latest one, the four-run defeat against England on Sunday, has left them facing a difficult path forward in the Women's World Cup 2025. There is only one semi-final spot left and four teams are vying for it.
It is no surprise that Australia were India's opponents in three of these four occasions. Each of them followed a pattern of India losing wickets in a heap and losing from a fairly comfortable position. Take the Perth ODI, for example. India were 184 for 3 after 35 overs in their chase of 299. Smriti Mandhana had just completed her century, Jemimah Rodrigues was off to a fluent start and India needed 115 off 90 balls. Mandhana fell in the next over, a collapse of 7 for 26 ensued, and India were bowled out for 215.
Two years ago, at Wankhede Stadium, India squandered an ask of 41 off 38 balls with a target only 259. Once Richa Ghosh was dismissed for 96, India lost 4 for 25 and did not get the final kick, falling short by three runs.
In Delhi, India gave an almighty go at a world-record target. Mandhana hit the second-fastest ODI hundred and kept the challenge alive. Deepti Sharma and Sneh Rana's eighth-wicket partnership raised unlikely hopes. Then India lost 3 for 15 to end on 369. No team should be pulled up for being unable to chase 413 but the significance of that chase is that, just like on Sunday, they were without Rodrigues. They were a batter short, having to paper over other concerns.
The team discusses the criticism India has faced after their recent losses
In cases like this - when resources have run dry - experience matters more than training. The BCCI Centre of Excellence (COE, earlier the National Cricket Academy) has world-class facilities, which has helped a lot of players work on particular aspects of the game. India's domestic system is also vast and robust. All of their players have come up through the ranks showing a great deal of ability. But a domestic game - or upskilling sessions - cannot be compared to a stage as big as a World Cup. Here, nerves can get the better of even the most hardened people.
So, clearly there is work to do but some of it is already done. The WPL's emergence has, to an extent, helped condition players to the spotlight, and increased stakes. It is held at major Indian venues, and matches are often played in front of packed houses and for prime-time television audiences. Crucially, it has even yielded two key players who are part of this World Cup - fast bowler Kranti Gaud and left-arm spinner N Shree Charani.
Gaud has been rising steadily over the years in domestic cricket and picked up 4 for 25 in last year's Senior Women's T20 Trophy final against Bengal. Charani impressed with her defensive skills during the Senior Women's T20 Challenger Trophy in 2022. These performances were noticed thanks to the scouts from various WPL teams being present at tournaments that often go largely unnoticed. Both of them got picked for WPL 2025 by UP Warriorz and Delhi Capitals respectively, and now have played all of India's five World Cup matches. This, from not being in the national radar until six-seven months ago.
In the not-so-distant past, Gaud and Charani might have been toiling away at the lower levels, waiting for their big break like many others. Like Kashvee Gautam, who has been grabbing headlines since 2020 when she picked up all 10 wickets in an innings in an Under-19 one-day game. She finally got to play for India this year after a stint with Gujarat Giants helped boost her profile. Domestic performances have visibility now because of the WPL.
Despite all of this, India have been found wanting under pressure, which means other areas need to be explored.
Just before the T20 World Cup in the UAE last year, the Indian players had sessions with sports psychologist Mughda Bavare, who had also worked with the team during the 2022 ODI World Cup. At the time Harmanpreet spoke glowingly of the impact these sessions had on her.
In an interview with ESPNcricinfo earlier this year, Pratika Rawal, a psychology student, also touched upon the powers of the mind: "Studying psychology helped me understand myself. It taught me why a certain human behaves in a certain way in a certain situation. How you think will show in how you walk. If someone is nervous, other teams can know that and will use it against you. If they can take advantage, why can't you?"
The team reviews India's preparation and where they might be coming up short
Rodrigues also toed a similar line in a chat with The Cricket Monthly: "When you're playing sport at such a high level, the pressure is immense. Many can't understand what we go through. And sometimes we ourselves don't understand why we feel the way we feel. But it's so nice that we get professional help where we can talk these things out. It's like you can train your mind also. If you can retrain your mind to think in the right direction, maybe that will change your performance, the way you are, [bring about] the outcomes you desire also."
Skills wise, India have been challenging the likes of Australia and England like no other team ever has. But when it comes to the battle of the mind and the nerves, they still have a bit of work to do. That was the case in Indore on Sunday, when they moved away from a trusted combination of six batters and five bowlers. They could once again tweak personnel in order to rebalance the XI ahead of next high-profile clash against New Zealand.
The only positive for them is that they will play all the remaining games at the World Cup, including the knockouts if they qualify, at the DY Patil Stadium, a venue they are very familiar with. If they do that, Navi Mumbai 2025 may not need to be added to the list.